The origin and development of refractory materials

China used clay less than 4,000 years ago to burn pottery and cast bronze. Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25 ~ 220) has been made of clay refractory porcelain kiln and sagger. At the beginning of the 20th century, refractory materials to high purity, high density and ultra-high temperature products in the direction of development, while the development of a completely without burning, low energy consumption of small refractories and high refractory fiber (for 1600 ℃ above the industrial furnace ). The former, such as alumina refractory concrete, commonly used in large-scale chemical plant ammonia production plant of the two-stage conversion furnace wall, the effect is good. Since the 1950s, the rapid development of atomic energy technology, space technology, new energy development technology and so on require the use of high temperature, corrosion resistance, heat shock resistance, erosion and other special excellent performance of refractory materials, such as melting point higher than 2000 ℃ Oxides, refractory compounds and high temperature composite refractories.

Ancient refractory materials, modern refractory materials manufacturing technology and major technological progress, as well as the future of refractory materials, refractory materials, blast furnace, hot stove refractory materials, modern refractory materials and manufacturing processes, modern refractory materials manufacturing technology and major technological progress, Development prospects, refractory materials and high temperature technology accompanied by the general originated in the mid-bronze era. China's Eastern Han Dynasty has been used clay mineral refractory porcelain kiln and sagger. At the beginning of the 20th century, refractory materials to high purity, high density and ultra-high temperature products in the direction of development, at the same time there is no need to burn, energy consumption of small unshaped refractories and refractory fiber.

    Modern, with the development of atomic energy technology, space technology, new energy technology, with high temperature, corrosion resistance, heat shock resistance, erosion resistance and other comprehensive excellent performance of the refractory material has been applied. There are many factories in China to produce refractory products. China is rich in resources, but also because of this reason, the major foreign investors also came to the domestic show, show their heads. In the northeastern part of China, it is an extremely lavish area for refractory suppliers, leading other foreign investors to question the low prices of their exports, which in 2003 by the EU proposed anti-dumping of new refractory products in China, limiting the product Exports to the EU. China in 2006 to protect the loss of raw materials, a large number of industries to carry out a tax rebate, in order to greatly limit the export of products. But this does not limit the sales of foreign brands to a large extent, because they have dozens or even hundreds of years of sales experience, and greatly occupy the market, but also created their brand in the continent.

   1, to improve the level of comprehensive utilization of resources and security capabilities.

  By 2015, high-end refractory basic self-sufficiency, magnesite ore comprehensive utilization rate of not less than 90%, refractory clay ore comprehensive utilization rate of not less than 80%. By 2020, the comprehensive utilization rate of the two ore resources is higher than 95% and 90% respectively.

 2, increase energy conservation efforts.

   By 2015, the energy efficiency level of the main energy-consuming equipment reached a level, the comprehensive energy consumption of the main products than in 2010 to reduce more than 20%, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides emissions than in 2010 were down 8% and 10% Refractory recycling rate of not less than 50%. By 2020, after the use of refractory recycling rate of more than 75%.

 3, to improve industrial concentration.

   By 2015, the formation of 2 to 3 international competitiveness of enterprises, to create a number of new industrial industry demonstration base, the top 10 enterprises industrial concentration reached 25%. By 2020, the top 10 enterprises industry concentration increased to 45%.

   The workability of the refractory material includes consistency, slumpness, fluidity, plasticity, cohesiveness, resilience, coagulation, hardening and the like.